Species Selection Tips
Selecting a species of orchid to grow will, of course, be heavily influenced by personal taste. But within that broad spectrum, those choices can and should be influenced by the care a given orchid needs. That, in turn, is determined by the native conditions of that species.
For example, orchids naturally thrive on every continent except Antarctica. As such, the over 20,000 naturally occurring species live in a wide range of habitats. Some are adapted to very hot, humid environments, while others see cooler and dryer climates.
Similarly, different types have evolved in a range of light conditions. Some common orchids prefer shade and will not do well in direct sunlight that lasts more than a few minutes. Others are much more hardy. Within that area there is still ample choice.
If you plan to put the orchid in a very shady location with little or no direct light, a Paphiopedilum (Ladyslipper orchid) or Phalaenopsis (Moth Orchid) would be an excellent choice. For a bright, sunny area you might go for a Cattleya or a Vanda. For medium light, the Miltonias is a good idea.
Pay attention to whether you're interested in a cool-growing variety that enjoys 60F-75F (16C-24C) temperatures versus a warm-growing type that prefers 70F-85F (21C-29C). Observe that there is some overlap. That's not surprising since climate everywhere is variable. Plants have to be able to endure a range in order to survive.
The final selection criterion is your own level of interest and expertise. You may not want to spend much time caring for the plant. Take into account, for example, how often you want to repot. Anywhere from one year to three years is common with many types of orchid. That doesn't sound like much work either way, until you consider you may have many plants to care for.
Epiphytes, to pick one of four categories, are a type of orchid that cling to trees in the wild. To simulate that environment many growers will wire an orchid to a tree to emulate the natural state. But doing so correctly requires care and some practice.
If you're a novice, beginning with a plant that is very easy to maintain is a wise choice. The Phalaenopsis has the reputation of being very easy to grow. Dendrobiums are another option for the beginner.
Either of those types will give blooms for about three months once or twice per year. Beautiful flowers are always a big incentive for those who put in the effort to care for a flowering plant. The blooms are a reward for all the effort and proof that the care has been successful.
The lesson of all this is to choose your orchid according to the conditions you anticipate being able to provide it. That decision implies more or less work for the orchid grower. For example, for those who plan to have a greenhouse of any size, it may be easier to maintain the humidity level of above 50% that most enjoy.
Be prepared to maintain the orchid properly and you'll get back beauty for your efforts.
